Friday 30 March 2018

What is Literature.




 Hello Readers,

Here my interapeitation on How Literature Shape me? 

                                                                    


What is Literature?

                                                                     


                        Many times I have come across this question. It’s a simple one, yet very confusing. There are a lot of definitions on this question. However, I believe that the answer is a subjective one, since each person has its own way of understanding literature. What is Literature?  The simple truth is that” there is no satisfactory answer but it is possible for us to say that works of art “Give an insight into reality is the imitative theory holds

                      I asked to answer on this question, I understand literature as a magic that allows us to escape from reality, from our everyday life and sends us in another reality, sometimes showing someone else’s life. The key for this magic to work is the arrangement of word.

                      Actually, it’s all about words when it comes to literature. In some cases, no matter how good is the writer’s idea, if it’s not well-constructed, the piece is not a work of literature because a real literature is enjoyable and pleasing.


                     I would like to compare literature to Rubin’s cube – if words are not on the place where they would fit perfectly enough to stir reader’s imagination, the magic won’t work.


Definition of literature:
According to Robert Frost said,” Literature is a performance in words”

How Literature shape me?

   
                                                           
                      First of all I clarified that the shaping is not five or six year idea, it is life long process. Experiences will make  human  shape.  According to me literature is like “Allegory “I find that this sense of confusion and search for self-discovery is a common theme.  I am confident that is one that I will be satisfied with.  Thus far, in my opinion Literature in all forms is everywhere in today’s society, and with this idea, it is clear just how important it is.  Whether it is studied in the classroom, read for pleasure or purpose, literature is a central part of many lives. 

                                                            Click Here 

                    It offers not only a chance to enlighten a person, but it also gives the chance to broaden one’s horizons and perspectives.  In my case, having the opportunity to study literature in two different languages has helped me to find similarities in two different cultures, and to also find that although literature varies in form and content, it is important and it is a central part of many lives." It also gives us to morality and also delight, freedom, and mental relief from Bondage.

                  

                 Literature provides a link with cultural, geographical, and philosophical ideas.   Literature also presents opportunities to learn about the desires and struggles of other individuals, thereby better comprehending our own desires and struggles.  Through reading literature, we gain a wider perception and increased knowledge and understanding.

                First, i have  kind of argument in which some people do not like literature because they think it is not true, just made up, not real life. They would say science and history are true; they deal with life; they are real. Therefore, they would say there are no Very good literature, except that of science and history. It is NOT TRUE! Normally they are student of B.B.A and C.A. so they tell me that what you studying in literature? You are studying It’s all Past? After completing what will you doing next? With History!! I gave only simple answered that you don’t get it. You have to become a student of literature after that you will understand, otherwise you don’t get. So come back on point that how literature shapes me.

                        Even though I am studying literature since 5 year text and theories .which I have studying in M.A has affected Shape me more as compares B.A. while reading literature my focus was largely on aesthetic or can say base on happy ending novel.

                     In  while studying a novel namesake, heart of Darkness, Moby Dick ,or Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, ghashiram Kotwal, the bluest eye ,or far from madding crowd, at that time in my mind don't have any theory or approaches  like feminism, deconstruction, racism, subaltern identity or don't  know critic  even  Plato, Aristotle, Wordsworth, derrida ,  Saussure .  So mind is like empty because without applying theory literature becomes incomplete. 
                   When i look at on M.A study so it is more affected to me. The study is begin with is Shakespeare's Hamlet and study concluded with sense of an ending by Julian Barnes. In between lots of theory cultural studies, American study, African study, modernist study, postmodern, postcolonial study, new literature, romantic literature, criticism theory, English language teaching,  mass media communication, many things taught study. So all this in my mind and now the society which is to be seen. So when i look at society through the literature glasses it always leads towards doubting and questioning. even any incidence happen day to day life in society , so i can't forget literary charecter like hamlet, what thay doing in life. what happen with ophelia, all incident come in mind. so my point is that literature gives us to reality.


                I also see the very important difference between truth and fact. it's opposite Fiction and lies , In Literature and author will cause his characters to behave in a certain, way because he accepts truth and knows certain facts. and he is always concerned about how truth and fact related to each other.

                 Sophocles, Dante, Milton Thomas Hardy at once spring to mind as a writer strong conscious of the everlasting war of good against Evil.

                Literature should use Hamlet phrase hold the mirror up to nature it is reflecting some thought or feeling. Which we immediately recognised as being true to life it should be life and Honey Singh as a Matthew Arnold said of poetry a criticism of life.

               When we look it on criticism some theories of literature.
Most theories of literature in the world can be put into this three classification which can be called imitative expressive and effective.

               The imitative or normative theory in this theory politics Greek figure Aristotle says for example that tragedy is an imitation of an action that is serious and complete............!) 
The imitative theory of fun include the notion that art gives us not only pleasure, but knowledge inside into the nature of reality the happening in the novel. or on the stage not only seems to resembles two things in real life but they also clarify real life making us say yes people are like that but I had not  he said it before.

When we look at Wordsworth ideas about expressive theory.

                     Two quotation from William Wordsworth will make this theory clear poetry he said is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings" The poet's job is to treat of things not is there but is this seems to exist to the sense and the patient.


Conclusion:

                  I agree with it. I shouldn't expect this from literature.
Because it is something that you observe and absorb that how to live a life with better understanding of other people as well as society as a whole. It will bring change WITHIN yourself, which may not be visible, but reflects in your behaviour as well as in your way of approaching the world. But my intention was just to convey what i truly feel after reading this much literature.

Thank You.........




       
                                


Ghashiram Kotwal Vijay Tendulkar.


Hello Readers,
Here my View on the Play.

                                                                      

Introduction
                      The play Ghashiram Kotwal is a historical play. It is divided into 2 Acts. The each Act divided in small scenes. The play interprets the major theme of complexity, religiosity, sexuality, corruption and tragedy of political power. The native significance of the play begins with the title itself. The story of anonymous protagonist belongs to the history of Peshwas.

Theme :

                                                                        

                     It is a story of conflict between Ghashiram Savaldas a north Indian Brahman from Kanauj and Nana Phadnavis, the Chief Minister of Peshwas in Maharastra. The characters of the Nanasaheb, Phadnavis, Ghashiram, Gauri and their situations are all historical. The play Ghashiram Kotwal is a tragedy of power. A story shows an ideal person suffering due to his own faults. But the Tendulkar has tried to make a play not a piece of antique history but a reflection of ever operative mystery of life.

                          The play deals a tragedy of power and powerless behind manifestation of historical characters. The Ghasiram Savaldas is a poor Brahman from Kanauj. He comes to Poona for livelihood along with his wife and daughter. Since he gets no dignified employment to suit his caste, he becomes a servant in courtesan Gulabi„s house. In addition to the housework that he does for her, he also sings and dances when people come to enjoy her erotic songs and the dance.

                      Nana Phadnavis is an elderly person having several wives but no children. He is a lusty person. He was not satisfied with his own wives hence he comes to listen Gulabi‟s folk song. One day, Nana visits Gulabi and hurts his ankle while dancing, Ghashiram appreciates him. Nana feels flattered and pleased and offers him a necklace of pearls and leaves. Gulabi snatches the necklace from him and sends him out with the help of her thugs. Ghashiram feels hurt and insulted. Thus, Gulabi who once rescues Ghashiram persecutes him later and Ghashiram who remains in the position of the Victim feel helpless and powerless. The first disappointment in Ghashiram‟s life comes when he comes to Pune for making his fortune. But he suffers from unexpected humiliation at Pune. One day Ghashiram goes out. He feels tired and hungry. When Peshwa arranges a great feast in honor of Brahmans, he also visits there. But the soldiers do not allow him. Unfortunately some thief has stolen money in Pune.

                       The soldiers beat Ghashiram severely and arrested and imprisonment because he is wrongly accused thievery. Nobody listen his words, which was true. He tried to give true and honest explanation and clarification but no use. Ghashiram worried about his reputation. He worried about his wife and daughter that what they think about him. He was imprisonment for few days and release with warning.

Conclusion:

The play ends with the death of Gauri and rebellion of the Brahmans against the Kotwal. Nana ends the oppressive use of power and declares a three day celebration for the end of stigma on society. Ghashiram sorrow and inspiration is a lesson to the audience against going to extremes for achieving unlimited power and authority.

                         It is a demonstration of sorrow and suffering that awaited a person who had achieved through the wrong means. The play is a social satire. It projects the society that defends corrupts Nana and punishes the Ghashiram. Thus the play is a powerful satire on the power politics. Mr. Tendulkar once stated “My creative writing, including plays and films I have written, have mostly dealt or tried to deal with my contemporary social reality.

Thank You............

(learning)

Works Cited

learning, open school. 20th Century Indian Writing. 24 3 2018. 29 3 2018 <https://sol.du.ac.in/mod/book/view.php?id=854&chapterid=521>.




Far from the Madding Crowd.


Hello Friends, 

                                                                   


Introduction

                          When related to the events in Far from the Madding Crowd, for it seems to uphold a vision of time as purely haphazard movement: “History is rather a stream than a tree. There is nothing organic in its shape, nothing systematic in its development. It flows on like a thunderstorm-rill by a road-side; now a straw turns it this way, now a tiny barrier of sand that”. The metaphors used here clearly recall those characterising Oak and Troy.

                                                                  

 Theme:

                         Far from the Madding Crowd, since Oak is explicitly associated to the image of the rooted tree and the stability of the pedigree  while Troy lives in a world of constant flux and uncertainty, merely drifting with the events and ending up carried away by the tide of a wild sea. And yet the striking thing is that the author in real life seemed to take positions actually opposed to the conservative vision illustrated in his early novels, and to stand rather by the side of the “modern”, though immoral, character. Hardy thus seems to have been aware that the movement of history was not as clearly stratified and understandable as he had dreamt of it in his fiction. 

Conclusion:
                          This throws a new light on the novel, by showing that the more clear-sighted conception is not necessarily that of villagers clinging to an apparently rational organisation of the world. Hardy’s conclusion is far more sceptical than appears in the relatively protected world of Weatherbury, and consists in saying that the world.


Thank You.....


Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad's

Hello Readers,
What in the novel main aspect is that, here explain.

                                                                 

        We see everything thorough the narrator’s Marlow’s eyes who calls the people of Africa “creatures” as if they were not human, they were not good enough for the Europeans, and “savages” which also represents the opinion of the civilised Europe where everything is better; Europeans are enlightened, educated, technologically and scientifically advanced, cherish art and literature. Europe and it’s culture is seen as the bright light, the future of humankind as opposed to savage, ignorant, primitive Africa where there is no future and only the darkness prevails:
 “I felt as though, instead of going to the centre of a continent, I were about to set off for the centre of the earth“The barbarism of the natives reinforces the effect of these descriptive passages and intensifies the atmosphere of mystery and fear. Reading about the natives, we get an even stronger impression that we are in the midst of darkness.

Thank You.............

Works Cited

2018. 29 1 3. 25 3 2018 <http://neoenglishsystem.blogspot.in/2010/11/bring-out-clearly-significance-of-title.html>.


All My Sons Arthur Miller



Hello Friends, 
Here Share my view on One Act Play of Arthur Miller.

                                                                       

                                                                   
 Introduction:
                     Arthur Miller started writing All My Sons in 1945, inspired by World War II and the true-life story of a woman who alerted authorities to her father's wartime wrong-doing, "Introduction to All My Sons." The play focuses on the story of a businessman who once narrowly avoided financial ruin by shipping cracked machine parts to the military. He blames his business partner and builds an empire, but eventually his crime comes back to haunt him.

                    All My Sons is the first commercially successful play of Miller. The central event in the play is a businessman’s evasion of responsibility for a decision in wartime which led to the loss of twenty-one lives. The chief characters in the play are Joe Keller, Kate Keller, Chris Keller, Ann Deever and her brother George Deever.

 Theme
                      Chris Keller is the son of Joe and Kate Keller. His affection for his parents is great. His younger brother Larry fought as a pilot in the Second World War and was reported missing. Everyone believes that he is dead but his mother refuses to accept it. Chris is very considerate to his mother. He wants to marry Ann who was Larry’s girl but does not want to upset his mother. He wants a regular wedding and wants everybody to be happy.

                         So he waited for three years hoping that his mother would accept Larry’s death. Chris is a good man who likes everybody around him. Dr. Jim Bayliss is a successful; doctor who would like to do medical research. Chris always encourages him to continue with his research and discover things. But Sue Bayliss who wants only money calls it ‘Phoney Idealism’ and complains to Ann that Chris is ruining their lives she resents ‘living next door to the Holy Family’. According to her, Chris is also compromising when he enjoys his father’s money (because everyone knows that Joe Keller is also responsible for sending the defective cylinder heads.)
Thank You.......


Works Cited

Arthur Miller’s All My Sons- An Eye-Opener on the Current Scenario Dr. George Kolanchery. 29 3 2016. 29 3 2018 <https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263134703_Arthur_Miller's_All_My_Sons-_An_Eye-Opener_on_the_Current_Scenario_Dr_George_Kolanchery>.




Post Colonial Text.

Hello Readers
Here my View on the Tempest by Aime Cesaire. 


                                                         

                                                      
Introduction

                           In The Tempest, power and control are dominant themes. Many of the characters are locked into a power struggle for their freedom, for controlling some characters and for forcing some other characters (both good and evil) to abuse their power. Shakespeare uses the idea of “masters and servants” in The Tempest to portray his main theme: power. He disturbs the master and servant relationships and shows the effects of it; also it is a major contribution to the plot of the play.

Masters and Servants

                       The characters in the scene are never named outright; they are only referred to in terms that indicate their social stations: “Boatswain,” “Master,” “King,” and “Prince.” As the scene progresses, the characters speak less about the storm than about the class conflict underlying their attempts to survive it—a conflict between masters and servants that, as the story progresses, becomes perhaps the major motif of the play.

                    Speaking about the storm it is obvious that in that moment everybody forgets for a while about their social status, when it was the matter of their lives even the one who wasinferior in rank to the other dared to order a command, because in that situation all their lives were under the risk and they suddenly became equals.
Boatswain:

 “You are a counselor; if you can command these elements to silence, and work the peace of the present, we will not hand a rope more; use your authority: if you cannot, give thanks you have lived so long, and make yourself ready in your cabin for the mischance of the hour, if it so hap.”
This example makes for us clear, that our division in classes and ranksis nothing in front of a natural catastrophe. Even a king can drown in water and burn in fire, because he has no power to command the nature or fate and at that moment all his authority, wealth or power are useless.

                     The Tempest is most fascinating for the relationship portrayed between its 3 key protagonists; Prospero, Caliban and Ariel. Prospero is the deposed Duke of Milan, now stranded on this island, whose study of magic has given him certain powers. Caliban is Prospero’s unwilling slave who claims that the island is really his. Ariel is a spirit who Prospero commands to help with his magic, but who is also forcibly kept by Prospero. Prospero is malevolent towards Caliban, and has no compassion for him, treating him as something less than human. He also abuses his power over Ariel, promising to free him, but only after this “one more” task.


                   In the Tempest we canalso find the colonization motif, which also reflects the desire of becoming a ruler, a commander. Many of the characters compete for colonial control of the island – a reflection of England’s colonial expansion in Shakespeare’s time. Sycorax, the original colonizer, came from Algiers with her son Caliban and reportedly performed evil deeds. When Prospero arrived on the island he enslaved its inhabitants and made himself a ruler.

                  Though masters and servants are a main idea in The Tempest, you have to keep in mind the differences between slavery and servitude. Caliban and Ariel are more slaves than servants. They do not want to be Prospero’s work force. But, when Prospero puts Ferdinand to work, Ferdinand doesn’t mind. He does it out of his love for Miranda. Nothing is forcing him to work for Prospero.

Conclusion:

                   There are many prominent master and servant relationships throughout The Tempest. Shakespeare disrupts the standard relationships, making the master the servant and the servant the master. The prominent relationships between masters and servants beautifully illustrate power, a main theme throughout the play.

Thank You…………..

Works Cited


The Tempest Summary. 28 3 2018. 14 3 2018 <https://www.studocu.com/en/document/studocu-university/studocu-summary-library/summaries/william-shakespeare-the-tempest-analysis-act-1/1051278/view>.

Thursday 29 March 2018

Painting that was referred while studying literary texts.


Hello Friends
Here my Interpretations on Painting that was referred while studying literary texts.

                                                                        



Waxen Winged father and son and Fall of an unknown - Dr. Faustus

                                                                  



                        In Greek mythology, Icarus succeeded in flying, with wings made by his father Daedalus, using feathers secured with wax. Ignoring his father's warnings, Icarus chose to fly too close to the sun, melting the wax, and fell into the sea and drowned. At the same way in DR. FAUSTUS Because of the "excelling" nature of his studies and practice, Faustus is, like Icarus in the ancient myth, placed in danger of enantiodromia, the reversal of opposites. The psycho-physical law of enantiodromia proclaims that the steep ascent is inevitably followed by the descent" Here it was’HUBRIS’ of FAUSTUS which led him towards his tragic fall. Above picture signifies biblical theme of Disobedience; icarus disobey his father’s warnings in same way FAUSTUS disobey GOD, and thus MYTHOLOGY of ICARUS AND DAEDALUS became central theme of play.

 Longing - Waiting for Godot

                                                                    


                   The setting tree Street pictures the reference of the Second World War Part of Civilization culture that way in there. Setting is inspired by painting by ‘Casper Divide’ find. And there are authentic sources say, Becket seen this painting in a gallery.  And he also agree that I’m inspires by this there is a tree, setting sun there are two parson, and title is that painting is “Longing” painting is also longing for some. Waiting has mining has longing, also because longing has a title of this painting. He use waiting instead of longing. Longing for Godot also, he use to longing for waiting. Waiting is incorporate craving for something desiring for something.

      Susan Noon's Blue Pitcher - IA Richards's Figurative language
                                                                         



This was the most difficult image to connect in the poem The Fallen flowers outside blue picture is compared with the way white flower of Hawthorne where visible to the cloud like blessed milk over mead and hill. 

 Scream - to understand effects of 'words' and 'visuals

                                                                  


                     Most important expressionist art throughout his article career much focus on scene of death, agony, and anxiety, in distracted and emotionally changes portraits all themes and styles Seth would be adopted by the expression is the scream 1893 by Edward Munch . 


The Last Supper the Da Vinci Code

                                                                 

Leonardo's Last Supper 1495 to 1988 is among the most famous painting in the world in its monumental simplicity the composition of the scene is Master full the power. of it affect comes from the streak in contrast in the attitude of The Twelve disciples counterpoised to Christ.
Leonardo's portrayed a moment of High Tension when surrounded by the apostles as they share Passover Jesus Christ says one of you will betray me all the apostles as a human being would do not understand what is about to occur are educated where is Christ alone conscious of his Divine Mission site in lonely transfigure serenity.


One only other being share the secret knowledge judas who is what part of and it exclude from the moment, of his companion in this isolation he become lonely figure the guilty one of the company.




Thank you.....
                                  


                                                                                                 


Saturday 24 March 2018

A Cup of Tea by Katherine Mansfield .


 Hello Readers,
Here I Share view on short story “A Cup of Tea” by Katherine Mansfield.


  “A Cup of Tea”

                                                                      


              The author presents the affluence of Rosemary by describing her Lifestyle. She wrote the best dresses hosted the and finest parties   dined with the most important people. And shop ad from the best store of Paris and London. she could buy whatever she wanted and spend any amount of money of the things she like .

               Her dealings at the flower shop and the antique shop reflect her attitude while buying flowers; she says “I want those and those and those.....” At the antique store the main is more than happy to please her because of her social status.

              He is a shrewd man who knows how to win customers and pursued them into buying things. He compliments her for her past and present expensive object before her on her visit to the store. Rosemary is also aware of the power see wild over people because of her wealth the material possessions are very important to her.

                                                                 

              When she is not able to buy the little enamel box. because she thought it was too expensive. She fell very rejected and said she is so absorbed in her Bloom that she does not even notice the poor girl. Who comes to bed for money when the girl ask for money to have a cup of tea. She started to know that the poor women have no money at all. She couldn't confuse of situation in which one was impoverished and had no money at all. She comes across as a wealthy women’s who is distance from the ground reality instead of given the girl money.

               She decides to take her home she does not do it out of compassion for the poor. But to experience the situation which she feels was straight from novel Rosemary decides to play the role of gracious to the poor girl. And display no competition or consideration for her situation she wanted to both of her generosity. Before her friends and showcase her effluents in the grave of kindness to Miss Smith.

             The poor girl was surprised and carrot at Rosemary's hospitality. Wild Rosemary was enjoying playing her part of charitable horse the incident highlight the vanity and Shallow value, of the rich between the rich and poor. where on one hand Rosemary only remove her blouse to hold delicate object like the enamel box miss Smith their hands are trembling with cold.

                 Wealthy women like the protagonist indulge in all the luxurious of life like buying expensive clothing and flowers for Poor Miss Smith. Even 30 luxury moreover when Rosemary's husbands Philips she is a poor and destitute Young women in their house he disapprove of it this is indicative of the class consciousness of the English society Philips. Want her to send the girl away as he does not find it appropriate for a person of theirs social status to associate with the poor.

                 He tries to pursue her to ask her to go when the direct attempt fails he plays on her feeling, of insecurity he tells her that he finds Miss Smith astonishingly pretty. she becomes insecure of her position and decides to send her away after MS Smith lives. she make her has darken her eyes and put on her pearls, and ask her husband am I pretty this depicts the idea that women are supposed to conform to conventional standards of beauty and constantly.

                 Plays the male gender there only identity is in contacts of the mail. they are denied and independent existence they have no say in decision making and no individual boys more ever Rosemary. Know that it is through her looks and sub miss you miss that she can hold on to her place. In her husband's home means fade highlights the subordinate position of women in the society. and also explore the city of women in such a society in a simple manner Mansfield present the theme of class consciousness the between the rich and poor .and materialism prevalent in the society the author uses satire and I need to take the society she presents her female character. With dip psychological insight she vividly presents psychological state of her characters through the use of symbol.

             The rainy weather when Rosemary comes out of the antique shop depicts her gloomy state of mind. her dressing up after sending miss Smith show was her in security for constant consciousness about horror look and entire represent her desire to conform to the social conventions of beauty . The author uses the Limited 3rd person point of view in the Story to present the working of the protagonist mind like her contemporary modern. History writer Katherine Mansfield breaks from the traditional modes of writing. She does not use the conventional plot structure for narrative Spencer day in the life of protagonist Rosemary fell and she used the stream of consciousness technique to present the psyche of the protagonist.

Thank You...



Works Cited

Garcia, Alex and Alex Garcia. scribd. 6 3 2018. <https://www.scribd.com/doc/213645256/Analysis-of-A-Cup-of-Tea-by-Katherine-Mansfield>.